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Portfolio Construction
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FMO



Joined: 22 Jun 2004
Posts: 114

PostPosted: Wed Jul 28, 2004 5:21 pm    Post subject: Portfolio Construction Reply with quote

it seems to me that most of us here share a set of beliefs and values about how to best invest in equities. It appears to me that those shared beliefs might include the following:

1. A preference for passive (indexing) vs an active (stock picking) approach.
2. A desire for low fees, expenses and trading costs.
3. An understanding and appreciation of MPT.
4. A desire to seek broad diversification.
5. A desire to maximize return while miniminzing risk (volatility)


Now I am the first to admit that equities are not really my thing. I really like directly-held real estate. But I do invest in equities and that being the case, I want to do it well. I have tremendous respect for those on this board who obviously really enjoy discussing the theory of equities investments. I suspect most of you have very definite ideas (which you share) about how to construct your personal portfolios. I am not nearly so confident. From time to time we discuss general approaches and the merits of specific investment products, but for me, where the rubber really meets the road is the process of engineering a personal portfolio.

Does anybody think it would be worthwhile to jointly develop model portfolios based on beliefs and strengths of the board members? I think such an exercise could be very beneficial.

The process of developing one or more such portfolios would probably spin off discussions which go to the heart of the most importnant decisions involved in portfolio construction. The ensuing discussions would help individual board members sharpen their own investment philosophies. The portfolios could become living documents and facilitate continued discussion as we debate the desirability of modifications which may be prudent based on the most recent knowledge/research. It would help people like me in the portfolio construction process and would serve to catalog what (in the board's opinion) represents the best investment vehicles consistent with our beliefs.

Since the most important decision; the fixed income/equity split is very personal, I thought it would be good to develop a separate equity/fixed income portfolios. Perhaps a set that are globally diversified vs a set that are domestic only.

I'm not talking abput trying to develop an "ultimate" portfolio, but instead a portfolio(s) which is the ultimate expression of the board's ideals. It would be acknowleged that that portfolio construction is an intensely personal decision. I just think that the exercise would be useful as a learning exercise.

If you think I am off my rocker and that such an endeavor is an utter waste of time, please tell me. I am very thick-skinned. I just thought it would be fun and educational. I also think it is a good community-building exercise. If I am am wromg, it won't be the first time.
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raddr
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Joined: 22 Jun 2004
Posts: 4728
Location: Texas

PostPosted: Wed Jul 28, 2004 5:43 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

FMO,

That is a great idea. ThumbsUp I love this kinda stuff. Do you want us to post some sort of model portfolio or what we have actually done (and why)?
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FMO



Joined: 22 Jun 2004
Posts: 114

PostPosted: Wed Jul 28, 2004 6:14 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

raddr wrote:
FMO,

That is a great idea. ThumbsUp I love this kinda stuff. Do you want us to post some sort of model portfolio or what we have actually done (and why)?


You know . . . it's a funny thing. When I set out to buy a build a piece of real estate, I really enjoy the planning and design phase. I love looking at properties, crunching the numbers, negotiating, etc. But once the deal is done, no mattter how good a deal it is, I am back to the mundane; doing repairs, collecting rents , etc. It is the process of pursuing an investment or devising a strategy that I find exciting.

I think for you and for me (and probably others), the process of portfolio design is a similar effort. It is never really done, for then the fun would be over. I think we could spend a lot of time (and learn a hell of a lot) in the process of defining one or more model portfolios. It will be a bittersweet day once the portfolios are optimized, based on current knowledge, but they can still serve as educational vehicles as we track their progress and periodically modify.

I suspect any model portfolios which result from a collaborative effort of the board would probably not completely resemble any of our individual personal portfolios. In the past we have posted individual portfolios, but I believe this is less useful as a learning exercise than actually attempting to collaborate on one or more model portfolios. It is the collaborative effort which is most useful in identifying and wrestling with the series of decisions involved in portfolio construction. Perhaps we could use Chapter13 of the "4 Pillars", "Defining your Mix" as a strating point. You know . . . bricks, shingles, timbers, etc.

It is unreralistic to believe there would not be disagreements although most of us are very sympatico. Perhaps after being fully vetted, such ussues could be resolved by a poll to continue to advance the construction process.
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unclemick



Joined: 24 Jun 2004
Posts: 383
Location: MO

PostPosted: Wed Jul 28, 2004 6:55 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

At the risk of appearing bi-polar - I bet both camps index and individual stocks - usually Ben Graham type with a Norwegian widow twist aka divided payers with some div growth.

15% DRIP stocks - alot of utes,oils,banks,REIT,drug,baby bells.
10% Vanguard REIT Index as a counterbalancer(low correlation) and SEC yield bump up.
75% Vanguard Lifestrategy mod - out of the can - lifecyle effort - aka quasi(not pure) balanced index as it contains 25% Asset Allocation - and 10% Total International.
Pretty much unchanged since 1998.
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FMO



Joined: 22 Jun 2004
Posts: 114

PostPosted: Wed Jul 28, 2004 7:11 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

unclemick wrote:
At the risk of appearing bi-polar - I bet both camps index and individual stocks - usually Ben Graham type with a Norwegian widow twist aka divided payers with some div growth.

15% DRIP stocks - alot of utes,oils,banks,REIT,drug,baby bells.
10% Vanguard REIT Index as a counterbalancer(low correlation) and SEC yield bump up.
75% Vanguard Lifestrategy mod - out of the can - lifecyle effort - aka quasi(not pure) balanced index as it contains 25% Asset Allocation - and 10% Total International.
Pretty much unchanged since 1998.


I appreciate your approach, but it would be near impossible to get more than two people in a row ro agree on the selection of individual stocks. It is the fact that so many of us (as you do) incorporate passive index mutual funds into their portfolios that enables the collaborative production of model equity and fixed income portfolios. I guess my idea is that to the extent that you desire to own indicidual stocks, or for others to have varying equity/fixed income splits, could be accommodated by restricting this effort to model passive, indexed portfolios only. Individuals would of course be feee to augment or modify to suit their personal tastes.
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raddr
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Joined: 22 Jun 2004
Posts: 4728
Location: Texas

PostPosted: Wed Jul 28, 2004 7:21 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Quote:
Since the most important decision; the fixed income/equity split is very personal, I thought it would be good to develop a separate equity/fixed income portfolios.


I agree that the equity/FI split is of paramount importance but only in the context of overall portfolio volatility. An equity portfolio, for example, can have very high or low volatility by itself. I'm thinking that a better solution would be to choose something like high, moderate, and low volatility portfolios as a whole rather than as separate equity and FI components which might be a bit confusing. Thoughts?
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unclemick



Joined: 24 Jun 2004
Posts: 383
Location: MO

PostPosted: Wed Jul 28, 2004 7:28 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Heh,heh,heh - ok - here's a sneaky thought - since the whole point of the 15% is to boost the SEC yield of the total portfolio plus provide some, but not necessarily exact growth over time to compensate for inflation - what index class/classes might be on the table - could be ??inflation protected fixed?? not just stocks.

Theory wise - here's the deal - for me - 3-4% minimum SEC yield over time with 'reasonable' growth to combat inflation over time - with a portfolio at the end when I croak - aka 30 year span(?? or ??) since not running to zero planwise.

P.S. - My ballpark SWAG (not precise) is a 73-74 type bear will dip the portfolio 25% based on Lifestrategy being the tall pole. -16.6% in 2000-03 being the worst quarter. Didn't really calc the total port. but REIT helped. The 15% is the unknown in a return to high interest environment(utes are rate sensitive big time).


Last edited by unclemick on Wed Jul 28, 2004 7:39 pm; edited 1 time in total
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FMO



Joined: 22 Jun 2004
Posts: 114

PostPosted: Wed Jul 28, 2004 7:29 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

raddr wrote:
I agree that the equity/FI split is of paramount importance but only in the context of overall portfolio volatility. An equity portfolio, for example, can have very high or low volatility by itself. I'm thinking that a better solution would be to choose something like high, moderate, and low volatility portfolios as a whole rather than as separate equity and FI components which might be a bit confusing. Thoughts?


That makes a lot os sense to me. (See . . . I am learning something already) This approach is also consistent with the MPT philosophy which requires all decisions to be made within the context of the total portfolio rather than its individual constituents. I'm thinking equity concentrations of 30/50/80% would cover the spectrum from low to high volatility.
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raddr
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Joined: 22 Jun 2004
Posts: 4728
Location: Texas

PostPosted: Wed Jul 28, 2004 7:46 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Quote:
I'm thinking equity concentrations of 30/50/80% would cover the spectrum from low to high volatility.


Again, I think that it depends on the equity mix. I could construct, say, two 50:50 mixes that differ in volatility by 100% or more. Ideally, we could construct portfolios based on historical standard deviation but I realize not everyone has access to MVO software like I do so this may not be practical. Wink Alternatively, I'd be happy to calculate the volatility of proposed portfolios based on past SD's and correlations and we could categorize them into high or low risk based on some agreed upon annualized SD cutoff. I have at least 30 years of data for most asset classes but for some classes like emerging markets stocks and bonds my data is lacking. Crying or Very sad
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unclemick



Joined: 24 Jun 2004
Posts: 383
Location: MO

PostPosted: Wed Jul 28, 2004 7:50 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Ah er - let's make sure we include some of raddr's commodity work/data in some models.
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raddr
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Joined: 22 Jun 2004
Posts: 4728
Location: Texas

PostPosted: Wed Jul 28, 2004 7:55 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

unclemick wrote:
Ah er - let's make sure we include some of raddr's commodity work/data in some models.


Unclemick,

You can bet that it would be part of my model portfolio. Wink This harkens back to FMO's post at the top of the thread regarding portfolio construction/asset allocation being an ongoing learning process. Until recently commodities were not practical enough for me to consider for my portfolio but with the introduction of PCRIX I've found a fun new asset to play with. Very Happy
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unclemick



Joined: 24 Jun 2004
Posts: 383
Location: MO

PostPosted: Wed Jul 28, 2004 9:18 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

???Can you take a classic 60/40 like Vanguards balanced index -TSM/TBM and show what happens to volitilty/return as you morph toward an 'extreme' MPT type: say heh heh

60% stocks
-20% International
-20% US TSM
-20% REITs

40% fixed/commodities
-20% TIPs
-20% Commodities

Wow! We haven't even done PM, emerging/developed, value/growth, sm/mid/large cap. ?????? Help? What was the question again? Max growth with min volitility?
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bpp



Joined: 28 Jun 2004
Posts: 406
Location: Japan

PostPosted: Wed Jul 28, 2004 10:42 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Hi unclemick,

Quote:
40% fixed/commodities


Just curious: is there a reason you lump fixed income and commodoties together? I've been thinking commodities would behave more equity-like...

(Don't tell me it has something to do with Norwegian widows.... Very Happy )

Bpp
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Alec



Joined: 08 Jul 2004
Posts: 104
Location: crofton, md

PostPosted: Thu Jul 29, 2004 8:19 am    Post subject: bond returns Reply with quote

raddr,

I've only got return data on the LBA index going back to 1981. I think it was incepted around 1976. Alternatively, gummy has 5 yr T notes and LT govt bonds going from 1926-2000 [I seem to have found 2001-2003 for 5 yr T notes]. I've only got MSCI EM return data going back to 1988. I think that's when the index was created.

I guess for things like corporate bond data, you'd have to go to SSBI. Should we also take expenses (like the 0.74% for PCRIX) off of the yearly returns to make any simulations more realistic?

- Alec
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peteyperson



Joined: 23 Jun 2004
Posts: 2073
Location: SE Asia

PostPosted: Thu Jul 29, 2004 8:37 am    Post subject: Re: bond returns Reply with quote

I would want a review of whether it even makes sense to include fixed income at all. Most include it because it is seen as dampening equity-only volatility, but I like to look at them as whether they deliver a reasonable return.

For example:

Current UK Treasury 5-Year yield: 5.15%

Fees: 0.20%

Taxes on the yield at 20%: 1.03%

Inflation: 2.75% + 0.75% adjustment for govt miscalculation
= 3.5%

Net Real Return: 0.40%



Taking out corporate bonds tends to add 0.50% return for the credit risk, but management typically costs at least that much. In the US that is a little different. But then, one must ask, why include bonds? If it is for volatility and capital preservation when equities fall, does investing in corporate bonds make sense? If 1929 strikes, it sure won't and we'll wish we had invested in the safety of treasury bonds instead.

So moving away from the stale argument that we include bonds in the portfolio because it steadies the equity exposure, does it actually make sense on the returns? My numbers seem to indicate that it does not. So I wouldn't want to see a blanket inclusion of FI without any debate on the merits or lack thereof.

Petey



Alec wrote:
raddr,

I've only got return data on the LBA index going back to 1981. I think it was incepted around 1976. Alternatively, gummy has 5 yr T notes and LT govt bonds going from 1926-2000 [I seem to have found 2001-2003 for 5 yr T notes]. I've only got MSCI EM return data going back to 1988. I think that's when the index was created.

I guess for things like corporate bond data, you'd have to go to SSBI. Should we also take expenses (like the 0.74% for PCRIX) off of the yearly returns to make any simulations more realistic?

- Alec
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