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Hypothetical Y2K retiree update
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wanderer



Joined: 28 Jun 2004
Posts: 1598

PostPosted: Fri Dec 05, 2008 11:32 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

I'll be updating my spreadsheet soon with the 75:25 mix of S&P500:FI (4% inflation-adjusted withdrawals) that was widely touted as being "safe" in 2000. The numbers will be much uglier than those Ben cited above. This portfolio is doomed to failure, probably quicker than any in history.

The folks who touted that are as unapologetic as the sleaziest corporate bail out scam artiste. Laughing
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raddr
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PostPosted: Thu Jan 01, 2009 12:22 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Well here's the Y2K Retiree update for 2008. It ain't pretty:



In constant 2000 dollars the initial $1M portfolio has eroded to $382K and our retiree is now in a position of having to withdraw over 10% of that amount in order to keep living on a 4%/yr inflation-adjusted withdrawal rate.

I ran a historical comparison on firecalc and found that this portfolio in year 9 has the third lowest balance of any since 1871. Not only that, just as importantly, valuations now are at best only in line with historical norms with regard to PE10 and still overvalued with regard to dividend yield. In the past the portfolios that ran into trouble during the first 9 years could count on low, bargain-basement valuations at the end of the bear market to resuscitate their portfolios. But this is not the case for the hapless Y2K retiree who bought the safety argument for a stock-heavy S&P500-based portfolio in the heady days of the dawning of the new millenium. Clearly, this portfolio is in huge trouble and it would take a miracle to make it the full 30 years before failure. Hopefully our poor retiree can develop a taste for cat food in the near future. Laughing
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james22



Joined: 29 Jun 2008
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PostPosted: Thu Jan 01, 2009 3:03 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

raddr wrote:
...valuations now are at best only in line with historical norms with regard to PE10...


There are good arguments made (accelerating technology, EM prosperity) for higher valuations going forward. If so, today's valuations might prove bargain-basement.
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raddr
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PostPosted: Thu Jan 01, 2009 3:39 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

james22 wrote:
raddr wrote:
...valuations now are at best only in line with historical norms with regard to PE10...


There are good arguments made (accelerating technology, EM prosperity) for higher valuations going forward. If so, today's valuations might prove bargain-basement.


If valuations are permanently higher then future returns should be lower since investors would be paying more for each dollar of earnings.
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ataloss



Joined: 27 Jun 2004
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PostPosted: Thu Jan 01, 2009 9:45 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

ouch!
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DRiP Guy



Joined: 21 Oct 2006
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PostPosted: Fri Jan 02, 2009 9:56 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

raddr wrote:
I'll be updating my spreadsheet soon with the 75:25 mix of S&P500:FI (4% inflation-adjusted withdrawals) that was widely touted as being "safe" in 2000. The numbers will be much uglier than those Ben cited above. This portfolio is doomed to failure, probably quicker than any in history.


Thanks for the update, and things do look grim for our Y2K guy, still blissfully spending, now up to 10%, out of his remaining nestegg.

But I would take technical exception to your absolute, as bolded above.

He may come perilously close, but I'll still wager $5.00 with you that he won't go bust by blindly applying this least flexible of all possible withdrawal systems flowing out of the Trinity data.

Now, that's a darn good bet for you -- I would have to wait 22 more years to ever see my payday, but yours could come next year... or the year after that... etc.

And finally, this may be a little late to post an objection, but back to the original post-starter - -was this really being touted as "100% safe" on some boards? While not doubting the point, I'd love to have a link to a reference of such an absolutist statement. It certainly seems rash now, and hopefully would have appeared so at the time as well, since I believe Trinity, the initial study in this now burgeoning area, was looking at a 95% confidence level, no?

One final nit would be that I thought the model portfolio most have used was a 60/40 mix, but I realize this is just one specific instance picked to track, that is now looking a bit long in the tooth, i.e. retiree continued to use just S&P, not TSM, no TIPS added in when those became available, etc.

EDITED TO ADD: Okay, just went back and scanned the entire thread again -- the reasons for S&P, no TIPS, 4% WR, 75/25 AA, etc are all amply explained many times over.

Cool
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Rodmail



Joined: 03 Dec 2005
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PostPosted: Fri Jan 02, 2009 9:01 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

There is a saying about random processes that describes that which is truly random and that which is not:

"The dice have no memory."

They don't know you rolled a 7 fifteen times in a row. The odds of a 7 are the same each time.

The Firecalc concept differs from typical (not all) Monte Carlo in precisely this way. We presume the markets have memory and therefore are not random. Or we presume the markets reflect something or other beyond human whim . . . and therefore are not random.

Overall we have a ton of reasons why we presume the markets are not random. Lucky us.

Anyway, I did a Firecalc run for this guy with a 21 years-til-death duration at $492,000 (2008 vintage) initial total and withdrawing $51,000 (2008 vintage) year 1 of the 21 remaining. Here's what he gets with $0 SS, $0 Medicare, no other dollars coming in, 5 year gov't bonds for FI and 3%/yr inflation.

70/30
10% success

50/50
0% success

30/70
0% success

He has to go to 100% stocks to get to 20% success odds.

Resume time for this guy.
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raddr
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Joined: 22 Jun 2004
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PostPosted: Fri Jan 02, 2009 11:59 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Quote:
Anyway, I did a Firecalc run for this guy with a 21 years-til-death duration at $492,000 (2008 vintage) initial total and withdrawing $51,000 (2008 vintage) year 1 of the 21 remaining. Here's what he gets with $0 SS, $0 Medicare, no other dollars coming in, 5 year gov't bonds for FI and 3%/yr inflation.

70/30
10% success

50/50
0% success

30/70
0% success

He has to go to 100% stocks to get to 20% success odds.

Resume time for this guy.


Yes, I agree. I think that with dividend yields still barely 3% and FI paying next to nothing the chances of portfolio survival for another 21 years are pretty remote with a > 10% withdrawal rate, even with a high allocation to stocks.

Edit:

I too did a firecalc run using a 10.5% withdrawal rate for 21 years and found that since 1871 there was a 10% survival rate for 75% equities. However, all of the successful starting years were characterized by dividend yields of > 5% and all except one had starting PE10's in the single digits. The lone exception was 1954 where the PE10 was 12. The bad news for our Y2K retiree is that the current div. yield is 3.1% and the PE10 is 16. I'm betting that this portfolio fails in about 10 years or so.
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DRiP Guy



Joined: 21 Oct 2006
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PostPosted: Sat Jan 03, 2009 12:53 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Ouch.

Hey, I did say that $5 was going to be paid in 2008 dollars, not inflation-corrected dollars upon failure, right?! Laughing
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raddr
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PostPosted: Sat Jan 03, 2009 2:06 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

DRiP Guy wrote:
Ouch.

Hey, I did say that $5 was going to be paid in 2008 dollars, not inflation-corrected dollars upon failure, right?! Laughing


$5 will buy him a lot of cat food. Laughing
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wanderer



Joined: 28 Jun 2004
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PostPosted: Sun Jan 04, 2009 11:44 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

And finally, this may be a little late to post an objection, but back to the original post-starter - -was this really being touted as "100% safe" on some boards? While not doubting the point, I'd love to have a link to a reference of such an absolutist statement. It certainly seems rash now, and hopefully would have appeared so at the time as well, since I believe Trinity, the initial study in this now burgeoning area, was looking at a 95% confidence level, no?

Hey Drip Guy,

That was definitely the tenor of the first 30k-40k of the posts at the REHP on TMF. I would be astonished if one didn't come away from the discussions there with the conclusion that the 'data' supported a 4% withdrawal rate at 75 or more(!)/25 allocation. As I recall, there were quite a few 'thank yous' to the provider of that advice. Dunno what those folks say now... Maybe, 'Did you get the number of that asteroid?' Wink
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raddr
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PostPosted: Sun Jan 04, 2009 12:25 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

wanderer wrote:

Hey Drip Guy,

That was definitely the tenor of the first 30k-40k of the posts at the REHP on TMF. I would be astonished if one didn't come away from the discussions there with the conclusion that the 'data' supported a 4% withdrawal rate at 75 or more(!)/25 allocation. As I recall, there were quite a few 'thank yous' to the provider of that advice. Dunno what those folks say now... Maybe, 'Did you get the number of that asteroid?' Wink


That was definitely the mantra back then though I would add that the provider in question admitted that he did not follow his own advice. As I recall, he held concentrated positions in a handful of tech and drug stocks instead.

The 75% equity allocation was arrived at by datamining the past. I think he found that the optimal allocation would have been something 73-74% hence the rounded up number of 75%. Seems crazy now but the reasoning was that a high equity allocation was needed for early retirees with a potential long period of withdrawals.
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Rodmail



Joined: 03 Dec 2005
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PostPosted: Sun Jan 04, 2009 1:00 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Quote:
Seems crazy now but the reasoning was that a high equity allocation was needed for early retirees with a potential long period of withdrawals.


From a non historical perspective, let's remind ourselves of the rationale for stocks combating inflation.

1) Bonds pay fixed coupon interest dollars (not rate). Those dollars erode in value due to inflation.

2) If one accepts that stock price is earnings dependent, then let's follow the sequence:

a. A company makes widgets and prices them at $5 per widget. Costs of production are $3. Profit is 40% of the $5. That's $2 per widget to the shareholder. Life is good.

b. Prices on costs (salary raises, increased supplier prices) increase to $4 (33%). It does the same thing for all competitors. Market share constant. Market size contant. Profit cut in half to 20% ($1 per widget) if nothing is done. Stock price will fall, reflecting fewer dollars per widget for the shareholder.

c. Company increases the widget price to $6.66. That's 33%, same increase as costs. All competitors do the same. Market share and size constant. Profit is now $2.66 per widget, of $6.66 price. Still 40%.

d. Stock price per share rises the same amount per share to reflect more dollars of profit ($2.66 vs $2) received each widget with widget market size/share constant. The stock price increase thereby compensates for inflation.

And that's why longer term REs are thought to need equity exposure as an inflation shield. It's analagous to an indexed pension.

Commodity exposure does the same IF . . . IF . . . the source of inflation is raw materials prices, as opposed to very powerful negotiating by unions.
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raddr
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PostPosted: Sun Jan 04, 2009 1:31 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Rodmail wrote:

And that's why longer term REs are thought to need equity exposure as an inflation shield. It's analagous to an indexed pension.


Oh yeah, I agree, I just meant that if you look at the same boards now many of the posters think that a 75% allocation to stocks is too high (some make you feel like an idiot for even suggesting it) whereas before the crash most had no problem with it. IOW, recency rears its ugly head again.
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snowback96



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PostPosted: Sun Jan 04, 2009 7:45 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Obviously 75% equity was too high in Y2K. It may even be too high now (although I doubt it). I recently saw a study (by Michael Kitces?) that used PE10 as a guide to the appropriate SWR and equity allocation (e.g. low PE10 = higher equity and/or higher SWR). I found it an interesting read and following that advice might have lessened the odds of a Y2K FIRE disaster. It got me thinking about more sophisticated methods than the arbitrary 4% SWR regardless of valuation levels.

So here's my question: Has anybody looked at using dividend yield as a guide for SWR in either an all equity (or high equity) portfolio? In other words, current dividend yield on S&P is ~2.8%, global markets somewhat higher, so let's say the current dividend yield on an all equity portfolio (after expenses) is ~3%. Would a 3% SWR be virtually bullet proof today?

[For example, using the dividend yield method, our Y2k friend would have only been able to retire safely at ~1% withdrawal given the low yields on the S&P at the time. And probably closer to 2% with a mix of other equity asset classes. This method would almost certainly have kept the sorry sap working for a few more years.]

Has there ever been a point in time where retiring with high equity and a W/D rate equal to dividend yield (at the date of retirement) would have failed? (W/D's are adjusted for inflation of course.) Surely somebody has has looked at this.

p.s. Happy new year!
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